Acute pancreatitis in diabetics: a twoyear retrospective study in a tertiary care hospital in Peshawar, Pakistan

Abstract

Introduction: Acute pancreatitis (AP) is an acute inflammatory disease of the pancreas. After diagnosis the initial management is preferably done in intensive care unit along with 4-6 hourly insulin sliding scale monitoring for hyperglycemia. Individuals with type II DM are more prone to develop AP. Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) reflects the blood glucose levels of over past two months and daily glucose levels do not affect its levels in the blood.
Objectives: To find out the frequency of acute pancreatitis in diabetic patients both in type 1 and type 2.
Study Design: Cross-sectional, comparative study
Methodology: This was a retrospective cross-sectional, comparative study based on 154 patients with acute pancreatitis in our tertiary care hospital over the duration of two years i.e. from January 2016 to December 2017. The data were entered and coded where necessary and statistically analyzed using SPSS version 20. Descriptive analysis was done to summarize data in the form of percentages and numbers for categorical data while continuous variables were shown by using mean and standard deviation.
Results: The mean age was 48.6 year with a standard deviation of 16.9 years, the total cases were 154 for the duration two years from January 2016 to December 2017. Out of 147 patients, 72 (44.4%) were male and 75 (46.3%) were female. Only 13 (8.8%) out of 154 patients were diabetics. Total serum pancreatic lipase and serum pancreatic amylase levels were significantly higher in non-diabetic subjects as compared to diabetics. Also, high serum lipase levels were seen in slightly more females than males.
Conclusion: The results of our study documented that the prevalence of acute pancreatitis is more common in non-diabetics as compared to diabetics, and those who were diabetic were between 41 to 60 years of age. We recommend further studies in this area to reach a general agreement on the prevalence of acute pancreatitis and factors affecting its prevalence as well as on the relation of diabetes and severity of acute pancreatitis.
Citation: Khan ZA, Baig KS, Ahmad Z, Afridi M. Acute pancreatitis in diabetics: a twoyear retrospective study in a tertiary care hospital in Peshawar, Pakistan. Anaesthesia, pain & intensiv care 2019;23(2):211-216